1. Kōwhiria te wira me ngā wira ahumahi
Ko te kaupapa o te whakamahi i te wira me ngā wīra ahumahi he whakaiti i te kaha o te mahi, me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te mahi. Kōwhiria te wira me ngā wīra ahumahi tika kia rite ki te tikanga tono, ngā āhuatanga me ngā whakaritenga (te ngāwari, te penapena mahi, te roa). Whakaarohia ēnei āhuatanga: A. Taumaha pikaunga: (1) Tātaitanga taumaha pikaunga: T=(E+Z)/M×N:
T=te taumaha e amohia ana e ia kaimaka E=te taumaha o te waka kawe Z=te taumaha o te atamira nekeneke M=te rahinga kawenga whai hua o te wira
(me whai whakaaro ki ngā āhuatanga o te tohatoha kore taurite o te tūranga me te taumaha) (2) Ko te rahinga kawenga whai hua o te wira (M) e whakaatuhia ana i te pikitia i raro nei:
E=te taumaha o te waka kawe
Z=te taumaha o te atamira nekeneke M=te rahinga kawenga whai hua o te wira (me whai whakaaro ki ngā āhuatanga o te tohatoha kore taurite o te tūranga me te taumaha) (2) Ko te rahinga kawenga whai hua o te wira (M) e whakaatuhia ana i te ahua i raro nei:
(3)I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i te kaha kawe kawenga, tatauhia kia rite ki te kaha kawe kawenga o te kaihurihuri i te pūwāhi tautoko mōrahi. Kei te pikitia i raro nei ngā pūwāhi tautoko o te kaihurihuri, ko P2 te pūwāhi tautoko taumaha rawa atu. B. Ngāwari
(4)(1) Me ngāwari, me ngāwari, me pakari hoki te wira me ngā wīra ahumahi. Ko ngā wāhanga hurihuri (hurihuri wīra, hurihuri wīra) me hanga ki ngā rauemi he iti te tauwehenga waku, me ngā taputapu rānei i huihuia i muri i te tukatuka motuhake (pēnei i ngā peera pōro, i te maimoatanga tinei rānei).
(5)(2) Ka nui ake te rerekētanga o te tūāpapa, ka ngāwari ake, engari ka whakaitihia te taumaha pikaunga.
(6)(3) Ko te rahi o te whānui o te wira, ko te iti ake o te kaha e hiahiatia ana hei pana, ā, ko te pai ake o te tiaki i te whenua. He puhoi ake te hurihuri o ngā wira nui i ngā wira iti, he iti ake te tūponotanga kia wera, kia rerekē te āhua, ā, he pakari ake. Kōwhiria ngā wira he whānui ake i te mea ka taea i raro i ngā āhuatanga e taea ai e te teitei tāutanga.
(7)C. Tere neke: Ngā whakaritenga tere mō te kaihurihuri: I raro i te pāmahana noa, i runga i te whenua papatahi, kaua e neke atu i te 4KM/H, me te okiokinga mō tētahi wā.
(8)D. Taiao Whakamahi: I te wā e whiriwhiri ana, me whai whakaaro ki te rauemi whenua, ngā arai, ngā toenga, ngā taiao motuhake rānei (pēnei i ngā kongakonga rino, ngā pāmahana teitei me te iti, te waikawa me te kawakore, ngā mahi hinu me te matū, me ngā wāhi e hiahiatia ana te hiko ārai-pūmau). Me whiriwhiri ngā wira ahumahi me ngā wira i hangaia ki ngā rauemi motuhake hei whakamahi i roto i ngā taiao motuhake.
(9)E. Ngā whakatūpato mō te tāutanga: Papa papatahi: Me papatahi, me mārō, me tika te mata tāutanga, kaua hoki e wetekina. Te whakatakotoranga: Me rite te ahunga o ngā wira e rua, me whakarara hoki. Miro: Me tāuta ngā horoi puna hei ārai i te wetekina.
(10)F. Ngā āhuatanga mahi o ngā rauemi wira: Nau mai ki te toro mai ki tā mātou kamupene, ki te tono rānei i ngā mōhiohio mō te rārangi ingoa.
He kupu whakataki ki te whakamātautau mahi o te wira me ngā wira ahumahi
Me whai whakamātautau kounga me te mahi tino pakari te hua whakarewa whai tohu i mua i te wehenga atu i te wheketere. Anei tētahi whakataki ki ngā momo whakamātautau e rima e whakamahia ana e ngā umanga i tēnei wā:
1. Whakamātautau mahi ātete I te whakamātautau i tēnei mahi, me noho maroke, me noho ma hoki te mīhini hurihuri. Whakatakotoria te mīhini hurihuri ki runga i tētahi pereti whakarewa kua āraia mai i te whenua, kia mau tonu te taha o te wira ki te pereti whakarewa, ā, utaina te 5% ki te 10% o tana kawenga paerewa ki runga i te mīhini hurihuri. Whakamahia he whakamātautau ātete whakamarumaru hei ine i te uara ātete i waenga i te mīhini hurihuri me te pereti whakarewa.
2. Whakamātautau pānga Tāutahia te mīhini hurihuri poutū ki runga i te papa whakamātautau whenua, kia taka noa te poutū 5kg mai i te teitei o te 200mm, kia 3mm te rerekētanga hei pānga ki te taha o te wira o te mīhini hurihuri. Mena e rua ngā wira, me pānga ngā wira e rua i te wā kotahi.
3. Whakamātautau kawenga pumau Ko te tukanga whakamātautau kawenga pumau o te wira me ngā wīra ahumahi he whakapiri i te wira me ngā wīra ahumahi ki runga i tētahi papa whakamātautau maitai whakapae, maeneene hoki mā te whakamahi i ngā tīwiri, ka whakamahia he kaha o te 800N i te pokapū o te taumaha o te wira me ngā wīra ahumahi mō ngā hāora 24, ka tangohia te kaha mō ngā hāora 24, ka tirohia te āhua o te wira me ngā wīra ahumahi. Whai muri i te whakamātautau, kāore te rerekētanga o te wira me ngā wīra ahumahi e neke ake i te 3% o te whānui o te wīra, ā, ko te hurihuri, te hurihanga huri noa i te tuaka, te mahi aukati rānei o te wira me ngā wīra ahumahi i muri i te otinga o te whakamātautau ka tohua.
4. Whakamātautau kakahu tauutuutu Ko te whakamātautau kakahu tauutuutu o te wira me ngā wīra ahumahi e whakatauira ana i ngā āhuatanga hurihuri tuturu o te wira me ngā wīra ahumahi i roto i te whakamahinga o ia rā. E rua ngā momo: whakamātautau arai me te whakamātautau kore arai. Kua tika te tāutanga me te whakanoho i te wira me ngā wīra ahumahi ki runga i te papa whakamātautau. Kei ia wira whakamātautau te utaina ki te 300N, ā, ko te auau whakamātautau he (6-8) ngā wā/min. Kei roto i tētahi huringa whakamātautau he nekehanga whakamuri, whakamuri hoki o te 1M whakamua me te 1M whakamuri. I te wā o te whakamātautau, kāore e whakaaetia kia wetewetehia te wira, ētahi atu wāhanga rānei. Whai muri i te whakamātautau, me taea e ia wira te haere i tana mahi noa. Whai muri i te whakamātautau, kaua e pakaru ngā mahi hurihuri, hurihuri, aukati rānei o te wira.
5. Whakamātautau ātete hurihuri me te ātete hurihuri
Mō te whakamātautau ātete hurihuri, ko te paerewa he tāuta i ngā wira me ngā tīra ahumahi e toru ki runga i tētahi turanga ringa-toru pumau. E ai ki ngā taumata whakamātautau rerekē, ka whakamahia he kawenga whakamātautau o te 300/600/900N ki te turanga, ā, ka whakamahia he kume whakapae kia neke ai te tīra i runga i te papa whakamātautau i te tere o te 50mm/S mō te 10S. Nā te mea he nui te kaha waku, ā, he tere kei te tīmatanga o te hurihuri o te tīra, ka inehia te kume whakapae i muri i te 5S o te whakamātautau. Kāore te rahi e neke ake i te 15% o te kawenga whakamātautau hei whiti.
Ko te whakamātautau ātete hurihuri he tāuta i tētahi, neke atu rānei o ngā wira me ngā wira ahumahi ki runga i tētahi taputapu whakamātautau nekehanga raina, porowhita rānei, kia 90 te ahunga.° ki te ahunga taraiwa. E ai ki ngā taumata whakamātautau rerekē, ka whakamahia he kawenga whakamātautau o te 100/200/300N ki ia kaitā. Whakamahia he kaha kukume whakapae kia tere ai te neke o te kaitā i runga i te papa whakamātautau i te tere o te 50mm/S me te huri i roto i te 2S. Tuhia te kaha kukume mōrahi e huri ai te kaitā. Mena kāore e neke ake i te 20% o te kawenga whakamātautau, kua tohua.
Kia mōhio: Ko ngā hua anake kua paahitia ngā whakamātautau o runga ake nei, ā, kua whai tohu ka taea te tohu hei hua whakarewa whai tohu, ka taea te whai wāhi nui ake i roto i ngā momo tono rerekē. Nō reira, me aro nui ia kaihanga ki te hononga whakamātautau muri-whakaputa.
Wā tuku: Hanuere-13-2025
